Brazil

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A fascinating South American country, it is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and has a coastline of over 7.400 kilometres. It borders (from north to south) French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay.

Brazil is famous for hosting about 20% of fresh water in the world; among its main fresh waterways are the 6.275-kilometre-long Amazon in the north, which covers 36% of the 8.500.000-square-kilometre-large Country (a partially unknown territory including the state of the Mato Grosso) and where thousands of further rivers flow, and the Paraná in the south; the extensive low-lying Amazon rainforest, the world’s “lung”, covers most of Brazil’s terrain.
The hinterland is occupied by the Planalto Brasileiro, which borders the Amazon to the north and which is made up of various mountain ranges, while the coast is characterized by plains in the north and high cliffs in the south.

Politically, Brazil is a federation of 26 states and one federal district which contains the capital city, Brasilia. The official language is Portuguese and the local currency is the Brazilian Real. With its 188.000.000 inhabitants, it is the most populous nation in South America and the 5° most populous state in the world.

Brazil’s climate, influenced by its position between the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, is equatorial in the north: abundant rainfall and humidity (thanks to the presence of the rainforest), with average temperatures ranging from 24°C to 27°C; in the southern area temperatures range from 21°C to 32°C in summer (January – February) and from 0° to -10°C in winter; the hinterland experiences damp summers and arid winters, with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 28°C; the coast has a subtropical mild climate with average temperatures ranging from 18°C to 21°C in winter and from 30°C to 31°C in summer.